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Jul. 31, 2020 10:00AM EST
Australia orders tech to pay media firms for access to content
A new draft code of conduct released on Thursday by officials in Australia would require tech giants like Google and Facebook to start paying news companies to distribute their content.
Why it matters: If Australia adopts the plan and it becomes a model for others around the world, such measures could offer a significant boost to the news industry, especially local news, as it faces financial decline.
Details: Under the proposed new code, the Australian government says it will give U.S. tech companies three months to negotiate terms with publishers over how they will compensate them for their work.
- If publishers and tech companies fail to come to an agreement in 45 days, which is very possible, a third-party arbitrator will be assigned by the government to make a binding decision on behalf of the two parties, per Reuters.
- The code requires tech firms to not only pay news companies for their content, but also to provide them with access to their user data and be more forthcoming about how their algorithms are used to rank news content on their platforms, per the AP.
- Violations could cost tech companies of up to 10% their annual gross revenue or a $10 million fine in Australian dollars ($7.2 million in USD).
The rule has been in motion for a while. The Australian government said in April that it would be developing some sort of mandatory order for tech giants to pay news firms.
- At the time, the country's treasurer told The New York Times that it would be enforcing a mandatory code after months-long talks with Google and Facebook about establishing a voluntary system to compensate the news industry failed.
- The two tech giants at the time expressed disappointment with the decision, and said they had been trying to create a voluntary system.
Context: History shows that tech giants, and Google in particular, don't take well to these types of measures.
- Spain passed a similar measure in 2014 that ultimately caused Google News to leave the country.
- France is considering a related law, one that would require Google to pay publishers for featuring "snippets," or small previews of their content, in search. Like Australia, it's ordered tech firms to negotiate with publishers or risk being regulated.
- The European Union passed a sweeping copyright law in 2019 that would require its member countries to adopt rules that would force tech giants to pay publishers. Google has threatened to pull Google News from the EU if member states comply.
The tech industry's argument against such laws is that because they're too broad, companies would end up overpaying and decide to quit the markets they cover. That could harm local publishers who depend on distribution from the tech firms.
- The news industry disputes this claim. As Axios noted last year, a report from the News Media Alliance, a U.S. newspaper trade group, challenged Google's assertion that traffic to Spanish publishers plummeted after Google News shut down in Spain.
- The group's CEO, David Chavern, said in an interview with Axios at the time that Google is using this narrative to lobby against future copyright rules in other countries that would require them to pay publishers.
Be smart: Many in the media industry argue that companies like Google and Facebook use its content to make their services more valuable to users and rake in billions of dollars in ad revenue as a result. The tech platforms say the media companies freely provide them with headlines and snippets to share because they want the traffic the platforms send them.
- Paying media companies to summarize and index their content could be prohibitively costly for the tech giants, if the terms are set too broadly.
- Regulators argue they wouldn't have to set broad terms if the tech firms were able to negotiate fair distribution terms with publishers.
- With traditional media, like television and movies, regulators don't typically intervene in distribution negotiations between distributors and content companies.
- But the internet's vast scale has made it a difficult market for content creators to negotiate fair terms absent government intervention, especially at the local level.
The big picture: The plan is part of a larger global effort to tilt the scales back in favor of content creators and away from tech companies as the pandemic continues to eat at the advertising market, putting thousands of local and national media companies out of business.
- Neither Google or Facebook immediately responded for request for comment.
What's next: The draft plan will be open for comment for a month, after which it will move to consideration by Australia's parliament.
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Oct. 01, 2020 11:55PM EST
Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit on Thailand's protests: "No one knows where the limit is"
Protests sparked earlier this year by the dissolution of Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit's Future Forward Party have evolved into a massive youth-led movement that's rattling Thailand's establishment, including the once-untouchable monarchy.
What he's saying: "No one knows how this is going to end or where this journey is going to lead us," Thanathorn told Axios in a Zoom interview this week. “We would like to see a peaceful transition to democracy, but it’s not really up to us."
- "If they’re not going to compromise, I fear that it might turn to violence," he says.
Background: Thanathorn has had a short and tumultuous political career since leaving the family business — Thailand's largest auto parts manufacturer — to co-found the Future Forward Party and challenge the ruling junta in 2019.
- That election officially returned Thailand to civilian rule following a 2014 coup, but a new military-drafted constitution effectively guaranteed victory to the coup-leader-turned-prime-minister, Prayuth Chan-ocha.
- It also launched a political star in Thanathorn, who drew big crowds of mainly young people to his anti-junta platform.
After Future Forward finished a strong third, the backlash began.
- Thanathorn was swiftly ejected from parliament and barred from politics for 10 years. Then Future Forward was ordered to disband in February for allegedly breaching campaign finance rules.
- That decision prompted an initial wave of protests, which resumed in July and have continued to grow larger. An estimated 50,000 people gathered in Bangkok on Sept. 19.
Student leaders are demanding constitutional reform and new elections, as well as protections for LGBTQ people and an end to corporal punishment in schools. Most shocking is their demand for reform of the monarchy.
- “I think it’s the first time in many decades that people are challenging not only the political institutions, but they are challenging the cultural domination of the elite as well," says Thanathorn, who has attended several of the protests.
Between the lines: Thailand is a constitutional monarchy in which politics are constrained by the ever-present prospect of a military coup (they are more frequent in Thailand than anywhere else on Earth).
- It's still illegal to criticize the king, despite the fact that he's seen by many as as profligate, eccentric and generally absent.
- But that taboo is now being challenged on an almost daily basis, and each breach of the boundaries seems to reset the ground rules even as it risks a crackdown.
- “No one knows where the limit is at this point in time,” Thanathorn says.
- That uncertainty applies to him as well. "I might end up in jail, maybe six months, a year from now. No one knows. Maybe I will be dis-banned, if the democratic forces win the battle," he says.
Driving the news: Parliament delayed a decision last week on whether to amend the constitution, prompting yet more protests.
- The message #RepublicofThailand was soon trending on Twitter, something Thanathorn says would have been unthinkable just months ago.
- He thinks the plan for constitutional reforms to be overseen by an elected panel is "too dangerous" for the political elite to allow. “A constitution drafting committee elected by the people? No. They’re not letting that happen.”
What to watch: With the protests continuing to grow, he says the range of possible outcomes includes Prayuth's resignation, fresh elections or even another military coup.
His bottom line: “Even though there’s no clear path to democracy at this point in time — even though things look very dark ... I think we are very hopeful in the sense that genuine democracy is achievable."
- "For many decades, I think this is the moment where the possibility is at its highest.”
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Oct. 25, 2020 02:12PM EST
AOC says it's "extremely important" that Biden offer Bernie Sanders a Cabinet position
Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) said on CNN's "State of the Union" Sunday that she believes it's "extremely important" that Joe Biden offer Sen. Bernie Sanders and other progressive leaders Cabinet positions if he's elected president.
The big picture: Ocasio-Cortez was pressed repeatedly on policy differences between her and the more moderate Biden, including her opposition to fracking and support for Medicare for All. She responded that it would be a "privilege" and a "luxury" to be able to lobby a Biden administration on progressive issues, insisting that the focus right now should be on winning the White House.
What she's saying: "I think what a lot of people misunderstood about the progressive movement is that it wasn't a slogan when Bernie ran on saying, 'Not me, us.' And so it's not just about where Bernie Sanders is next term or what role that Sen. Sanders is playing, but it's really about who the Biden administration is choosing to lead agencies across the board," Ocasio-Cortez said.
- "The fact of the matter is this isn't just about the progressive movement. This is about making sure that we're not just going back to how things were and rewinding the tape before the Trump administration," she continued.
- "This is about making sure, how are we going to not just make up for lost time, but leap into the future and actually ensure we are making the investments and policy decisions that will create an advanced American society. And, frankly, conservative appointments will not get us there."
Worth noting: Politico reported last week that Sanders is interested in becoming Biden's Labor secretary. If he's tapped for a Cabinet position, however, Vermont's Republican governor would get to decide who fills his Senate seat.
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Mar. 26, 2021 09:00AM EST
The new vaccine waiting game
Congratulations! You're about to be eligible to ... wait some more for the vaccine.
The big picture: States are expanding eligibility for COVID vaccines by broad age groups — and some are opening it to all adults. But that doesn't always mean they have enough vaccine supplies to offer appointments to everyone in the new groups.
- So even though the vaccine supplies are ramping up, many local leaders and health officials are trying to lower people's expectations so they don't get disappointed when their long wait for the vaccine isn't actually over.
- That's the reality check many newly eligible people will face throughout the country even as President Biden ups his goal to 200 million shots in his first 100 days.
What they're saying: “The problem is not the eligibility standards. The problem is the supply," New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio said in a local TV interview this week after New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo expanded eligibility to everyone 50 and over.
- "As you add more eligibility, it's going to mean people in some cases will wait longer, because we still don't have the supply we need.”
- After Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan opened vaccinations to everyone 60 and over, Marc Elrich, the county executive of Montgomery County, Md., warned Wednesday that “being told you’re eligible does not mean that when you preregister, that you’re going to get an appointment ... The number of vaccines is behind the number of people who are eligible.”
Other local health officials are sending similar messages.
- “The thing that’s holding us back is just the number of doses," Gary Edwards, executive director of the Salt Lake County health department, told Axios after Utah expanded vaccinations this week to everyone 16 and over.
- “We have staff in clinics ready to do more. They’re not busy enough," he said.
- Here's how Dizhi Marlow, a spokesperson for the Harris County public health department in Texas, described Houston's readiness after the state announced that all adults will be eligible next week: “As of right now, we do not know if we will get more vaccines next week. However, we are preparing to administer more if we get more.”
- And Mitzi Kline, a health department spokesperson in Franklin County, Ohio, which includes Columbus, said, “We do expect the demand to outweigh the supply" after the state opened vaccines to everyone 40 and over and prepares to expand them to all adults next week.
- "We continue to ask residents to be patient as we expect the vaccine supply to continue to increase over the coming weeks," she said.
The other side: Russ Schwartz and Katherine Quirk, who launched a Facebook group to help Florida seniors find vaccines, say the state — which is expanding by age groups — has steadily increased its vaccine supplies and sites to the point where it's easier to help people find options now.
- "We’re not seeing that people in the [age 50 and over] group are saying, 'I can’t get an appointment anywhere,'" said Quirk. "It makes you think this is a good, progressive way to open it to the age groups."
Between the lines: Some states are moving a lot faster than Biden's goal of making all Americans eligible for vaccinations by May 1. The latest include Florida and California; all Florida adults will be eligible to get the shots as of April 5, and California will be open to all adults on April 15.
- So far, 40 states have announced dates when the vaccines will be open to all adults, and most of them are doing it before May 1, according to Jennifer Kates, a senior vice president at the Kaiser Family Foundation who's tracking the vaccine rollout across the states.
The bottom line: "It could put some states and governors in a difficult position if they say 'yes, we’re opening the gates' and a lot of people can’t get appointments," Kates said.
- "It’s going to be a balancing act, and the messaging is going to be very important."
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