Data: BLS via
FRED; Chart: Axios Visuals
The big picture: The number of unfilled jobs continues to grow, the size of the workforce is stagnating, and workers are flexing their muscles whether or not they have formal union representation.
By the numbers: There are now a record 9.3 million open jobs in America. The labor force stands at 161 million, about 3 million people fewer than it was pre-pandemic, and has seen no growth since August.
- Demographic realities mean that only increased immigration will be able to boost the number of working-age Americans in coming years.
- The lowest wage that workers without a college degree would be willing to accept for a new job now stands at an all-time high of $61,483, a rise of $10,000 in just one year, according to a New York Fed labor market survey.
Financial security is now easier to come by even without at job, thanks in part to the Obama-era expansion of health insurance.
- A booming stock market, along with the pandemic-fueled broadening of unemployment benefits,seems to have made enough workers rich enough that they can afford to be pickier about which jobs they're willing to accept.
Between the lines: Recent decades have seen exaggerated power asymmetries between most employers and most employees. That's a far cry from textbook capitalism, where the price of labor is determined in negotiations where both parties are on an equal footing.
- Those negotiations are now beginning to happen in earnest, which can be discomfiting for employers.
- The rise of sophisticated, free group-communication software, like Slack and Discord, has made it much easier for employees to talk to each other and to act in unison, without going through formal corporate channels.
- Even gig-economy workers are beginning to win union representation.
The bottom line: America is not a workers' paradise. But it seems to be moving in that direction.
